Alternatively, if you are looking for a broader study, relevant to your field, industry, or current trends in general (e.g., change in user engagement on Instagram), you go for secondary research. Collating data from the benchmark and other reports. If you're on a Galaxy Fold, consider unfolding your phone or viewing it in full screen to best optimize your experience. This research is invaluable for a number of scenarios. When McDonald's and other fast food restaurants offer "value menu" items at surprisingly low prices, they are using ________. The marketing research process is presented to you in your text as: UPS is a company that hires a very high number of __________ and _________ workers. Or it could be as specific as deciding the best email marketing software to use. ), You May Also Like: Why Is Market Research Important For Your Organization? Develop the approach to your marketing research plan, Determine the channels and tools to conduct primary research, Why Is Market Research Important For Your Organization? $$ Another problem might be understanding why sales are not growing. Every business encounters challenges or questions that require deeper analysis to arrive at a solution. Offer you the space and features to collect all required information. In ________ marketing, the firm ignores segment differences and goes after the whole market with one offer. Which of the following is NOT a criterion used for selecting a market segment? What Types of Homeowners Insurance Policies Are Available? We will continue this example throughout the article. \text{P/E ratio} & \text{15.42 }{\times} & \text{5.65 }{\times}\\ Do they engage more if you add humor? We havent forgotten secondary research. Heres how it goes: If you are part of a dedicated market research team, the key grievance(s) will come to you from different departments as assignments or projects. Who should participate? In such cases, you must first list out all the problems your team is facing. Next comes the data collection process. Marketing research is the formal process of collecting data to understand a customer or business problem and providing the information needed to find a solution. Case study example following the second step of marketing research process: Since consumers were the main focus of the study, the food manufacturer chose surveys as their research method. Analyzed data gives meaning to the information that have been collected. Fourth is data collection which involves manpower/staff members who operate either in the field, as in the case of personal interviewing (in-home, mall intercept, or computer-assisted personal interviewing), from an office by telephone (telephone or computer-assisted telephone interviewing), or through mail (traditional mail and mail panel surveys with pre-recruited households). Break down the goal of each approach into specific objectives. What inflation rate is expected during Year 2? Which is the most commonly used measure in media planning. Two units are available,HCC and LCC (for high and low capital costs, respectively). a. Assess Corrigans liquidity position, and determine how it compares with peers and how the liquidity position has changed over time. HCC has a high capital cost but relatively low operating costs, while LCC has a low capital cost but higher operating costs because it uses more electricity. Organizing data in batches can prevent the overwhelm and errors that arise due to the magnitude of the entire set. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Most products can be offered with varying ________ that can supplement its basic function. If you analyze the data and cannot determine a clear outcome, it means your sample size was too small or your research design lacked a key component. Research provides the necessary intelligence to arrive at an answer. Here, a marketing research specialist is invaluable in compiling results, particularly when performing qualitative research such as customer interviews, and performing statistical modeling. These and many other business problems are answered with marketing research, also referred to simply as market research. The design portion involves determining the methodology to capture research data, specifics around how to execute the chosen methodology, and the sample size necessary to obtain reliable results. The survey was an evaluation of four labels one of which was the experimental label. They distributed the questionnaires online. Published on May 18, 2022. Other exploratory research techniques, such as pilot surveys with small samples of respondents, may also be undertaken. You need to choose distribution channels that: Texting is one such viable channel for surveys and polls that ticks all the boxes. Here are some tips to help you with this portion of the market research steps. \text{ } & \text{2016} & \text{2015}\\ One cannot answer these questions without thorough research. __________ typically occur within the competitive, economic, customer, political/legal, technological and sociocultural environments of the firm, Your colleague is confused about using the marketing research process, as she knows that something is wrong but is not sure of the specific causes to investigate. The data collection can even include mining your own CRM software for data insights. Strong brands allow for a price premium or revenue premium versus weaker brands, All products sold by the Tabasco company. Assume that the real risk-free rate is 2% and that the maturity risk premium is zero. \text{Accounts payable} & \text{\$80.000} & \text{\$ 72.708}\\ Organizing or sorting involves segregating and categorizing data. \text{Number of shares outstanding} & \text{23.000} & \text{23.000}\\ Or why are sales low? How should research participants be selected, randomly or by design? A______ consists of analyzing marketing opportunities, selecting target markets, designing marketing strategies, developing marketing programs, and evaluating and controlling the marketing effort, A small retailer wanted to know whether people preferred additional morning or evening hours of operation. Therefore, factor in the appropriate amount of time for this piece when planning out your research project. \text{ } & \text{2016} & \text{2015}\\ A) product line B) product mix C) product exten To communicate effectively, a marketing communicator should most likely ________. \begin{matrix} It details the procedures necessary in obtaining the required information, and its purpose is to design a study that will test the hypotheses of interest, determine possible answers to the research questions, and provide the information necessary for decision making. Your email address will not be published. This is also called ________. So youll need to make adjustments and collect more data. Make space for probable questions and doubts, different scenarios to troubleshoot problems, and account for contingent strategies if your primary one doesnt feel viable. On the other hand, multivariate techniques are used for analyzing data when there are two or more measurements on each element and the variables are analyzed simultaneously. As a result, we have compiled a list of 16 market research tools that work throughout the political, nonprofit, and business spectrum. See these suggestions for how to finish strong. \text{Taxes (40\\%)} & \text{12.272} & \text{63.980}\\ So column A is further divided into all the answers you got. Remember, some or all of your methods can launch independently, and the dependent ones can launch only later. How do you plan on understanding your problem and on resolving it? On the other hand, secondary data is collected for some purpose other than the problem at hand. e. Assess Corrigans market value ratios, and determine how its valuation compares with peers and how it has changed over time. \text{Notes payable} & \text{476.990} & \text{547.912}\\ \text{Long-term debt} & \text{404.290} & \text{258.898}\\ Arrange them in chronological order according to these goals. Your next step is to identify the methods that will best answer your research questions or provide insights to help you achieve your objectives. (Case study source: Decision Analyst. Some more resourceful online channels are: Weve mentioned online channels because they enable you to reach a wider audience with fewer resources and less time. $$ After defining the goal, its time to design the research project.
Think about which ratios would be affected by changes in these two accounts. If an external team brings you data, send over your questions, objectives, and expectations. Conducting Marketing Research and Forecasting Demand, Consumer-Industrial and Government Markets, Executing Strategy Through Organizational Design. How should responses be collected? \text{EPS} & \text{\$ 0.80} & \text{\$ 4.17}\\ Copyright, Trademark and Patent Information. $$ If a 1-year Treasury bond yield is 5% and a 2-year Treasury bond yields 7%, what is the 1-year interest rate that is expected for Year 2? Number or letter codes are assigned to represent each response to each question in the questionnaire. Formulating the research design involves the following steps:[1]. Which of the following is advantage of strong brands? The goal is to arrive at the insights you were looking for at the outset. $$
The data analysis portion can be tricky. Next, you break down this overarching goal into smaller, definite objectives. Which unit would you recommend? If the goal of marketing research is to shed light on the real nature of a problem and to suggest possible new ideas, the research is said to be, Selecting which segments of a population of customers to serve is called. So, without further ado, lets get into the 5 steps in the marketing research process. Send personalized texts and Identify an economic circumstance that can greatly affect any product or brand choice. It provides the necessary intelligence for the stakeholders to make informed business decisions. \text{ } & \text{2016} & \text{2015}\\ Coordinating marketing efforts around the brand story that resonates best with customers, thus reducing duplicated effort and saving money. \end{matrix} \text{Interest} & \text{67.000} & \text{43.000}\\ This is the heart of the research project, so its important this step proceed smoothly. At this stage, it looks very much like a grievance but nothing more. A retail system in which a few retailers supply most of the market. This tool enables sharing of the results, conclusions, and recommendations arising from the analysis. Some data may require the support of other data files before making sense. Identify those problems that can be overcome with a marketing research approach. But you can also choose to conduct your primary research in person. You add other factors to the problem that show you how your situation compares against the set standards. If you dont get an answer to the next question, you dont have all the required data. b. Assess Corrigans asset management position, and determine how it compares with peers and how its asset management efficiency has changed over time. From this analysis, how does Corrigans financial position compare with the industry average numbers? Similarities of needs of potential buyers, Executives, manufacturing employees and salespeople are all examples of, ______ occurs when a company introduces additional items in a given product category under the same brand name such as flavors, forms, colors, or package sizes. To collect the data the owner stood outside the shop and stopped the first 25 people who walked by. Which of the following is a consumer demographic variable which can be use to segment people? Any product launch, feature update, or promotional activities demand that you know your target audience, their mood, and their pushbuttons well. The Corrigan Corporations 2015 and 2016 financial statements follow, along with some industry average ratios.
Secondary data is an economical and quick source of background information. Once done, they had to answer a questionnaire about the importance of food habits and personal health, emotional appeal, familiarity with the product, and more. Once the problem has been precisely defined, the research can be designed and conducted properly. \text{Per-Share Data}\\ Additionally, they also got insights on information that needed to be better highlighted on the packaging to support their consumers interests. Are they more likely to purchase if you compare competitors? Many or all of the products here are from our partners that pay us a commission. Taking the above example, your defined problem will convert to how can I increase sales? a. People and teams across an organization, from the CEO to the group responsible for a companys products, can benefit from marketing research. With a particular leaning towards research, I also explore trends and outcomes of past campaigns on CallHub. What is the idea of the Price value proposition? This issue is especially keen for marketers who do business in? Internal (e.g., strategy or growth issues). \text{Common stock} & \text{575.00} & \text{575.000}\\ \text{Cash dividends} & \text{\$ 1.10} & \text{\$ 0.95}\\ What kinds of questions should be asked of participants?
Robert Izquierdo is a software expert writing for The Ascent and The Motley Fool. The food manufacturer experimented with the combination and labeling of ingredients and wanted to put out a controlled number of products to see how people reacted to them. For these reasons, interviews with experts are more useful in conducting marketing research for industrial firms and for products of a technical nature, where it is relatively easy to identify and approach the experts. At this stage, you have a broad umbrella problem. This includes formulating an objective or theoretical framework, constructing analytical models, generating research questions, hypotheses, and identifying characteristics or factors that can influence the research design. Required fields are marked *. She seems to be having problems with ________ which is often the hardest step to take, Defining the problem and research objectives, Whether at the corporate, business unit or functional level, the planning process always begin with an in-depth, To locate the brand in a distinct way in the minds of consumers to maximize the potential benefit of the firm, When creating a corporate vision statement, organizations are attempting to answer which of the following questions. Data collection to organizing is divided into three steps: Collecting data involves ensuring you have the right set of data and all required data. In addition, an oral presentation should be made to management using tables, figures, and graphs to enhance clarity and impact.[2]. This involves adding charts, diagrams, and graphs. Surveys and forms with market research tools. In the four Ps of the marketing mix, design, packaging, services, and variety all fall under the category of ________. \text{Total assets turnover} & \text{2.6 }{\times}\\ Download or print it for future reference. Determining a roadmap for future enhancements to an existing product or service. The data from the questionnaires are transcribed or key-punched on to magnetic tapes, or disks or inputted directly into the computer. These tools will help you with survey creation and distribution, social listening, and more. b. All rights reserved. Interviews of those affected by the business problem, Experiments using control and test groups, Direct observation through ethnographic research. The marketing research process concludes with the research report.
But, it is very difficult to point out tools that cater to your exact field and use case. These suggestions can help. \text{Total liabilities and equity} & \text{\$ 1.836.000} & \text{\$ 1.667.000}\\ At this stage, you only tag or identify data files as Valid (required and complete) and Invalid (not required or incomplete). It is also necessary to design a questionnaire and a sampling plan to select respondents for the study. At this stage, you convert your problem into a research question that will define your next course of action. Which customer segments should be involved: all of them or specific types of customers? You can know more about how to conduct a text survey here: Send Text Surveys To Contacts Heres How. \text{Accrued liabilities} & \text{45.010} & \text{40.880}\\ The issue on how the data should be obtained from the respondents must be addressed. House of brands strategy (Multi branding), ________ is a strategy of using a successful brand name to launch a new or modified product in a new category, When actual performance results are better than what the plan called for, managers should, Adjust the performance objectives in the next planning cycle, There are many perfumes on the market, but only one that breaks down fragrances into elements so people can wear the particular scents with which they have emotional ties------, Two of your friends differ with regards to their understanding of market segmentation---, Agree with friend A---- differentiated marketing allows a company to tailor make products to different segments unique needs, This type of research technique is almost invariable conducted face to face. \begin{matrix} A ______ is a name, term, sign, symbol or design or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors. Discover Financial Services is an advertising partner of The Ascent, a Motley Fool company. Based on the previous observations and conclusions, you also add definite and actionable steps to resolve your problems (where you started this marketing research process). Once the methodology is selected, the details must be ironed out. \text{Return on invested capital} & \text{14.5\\%}\\ Everything you need to get the most from CallHub tools. For example, say your question is How likely are you to click on a branded link shared via SMS (rate from 1-5). \text{Total current assets} & \text{\$ 1.405.000} & \text{\$ 1.206.000}\\ Various methodologies exist to perform marketing research. These objectives arose because people have become highly self and health-conscious and keep a close eye on what they are consuming. To ensure the research delivers the necessary results to solve the business problem, a number of decisions must be made. This method is also helpful in situations where little information is available from other sources, as in the case of radically new products. Primary data is sourced by the researcher for the specific purpose of addressing the research problem. \text{Earnings before taxes (EBT)} & \text{\$30.680} & \text{\$ 159.950}\\ Social media (through posts, DMs to followers/customers, and stories for short polls). External (e.g., market demand or pull for your product, feature, or promotional activities). \text{Total current liabilities} & \text{\$ 602.000} & \text{\$ 571.500}\\ Copyright 2018 - 2022 The Ascent. Connect with the tools you use every day. Is it your customers, internal staff, or both? \text{EBIT} & \text{\$ 97.680} & \text{\$ 202.950}\\ For instance, if your graphs show that 50% of people prefer communicating via texts, 35% via emails, and 15% on calls, your textual observations should also include how these trends are clashing or flowing with your current strategy. KimsWACC is 7%.
$$ It doesnt really convey anything about past records, expectations, or other comparisons. Information, industry experts, and secondary data may not be sufficient to define the research problem. In ________ marketing, the firm ignores segment differences and goes after the whole market with one offer. Organizing data will help you see broad patterns and get ready for analyzing and arranging it. \text{Inventories} & \text{894.000} & \text{813.000}\\ \text{Return on equity} & \text{18.2\\%}\\ We do not have access to information about how they sorted, arranged, or analyzed data. Youre looking for clear trends or conclusions that speak to how you can solve the problem you defined at the start of the process. The marketing research process, like any other project, requires planning. From there, present your recommendations to address those problems based on the research outcome. 1.
\text{Market price (average)} & \text{\$ 12.34} & \text{\$ 23.57}\\
\text{Fixed assets turnover} & \text{13.0 }{\times}\\ Then: This one issue will drive your entire marketing research process. The marketing research process is a six-step process involving the definition of the problem being studied upon, determining what approach to take, formulation of research design, field work entailed, data preparation and analysis, and the generation of reports, how to present these reports, and overall, how the task can be accomplished. Can get you responses quickly and cost effectively. The different methods of market research are: Your choice of research method will depend heavily on what research questions you are targeting.
Lets look at each in detail. Defining a consistent message that research shows works well with customers. Calling (for long surveys and high-value customers), Video calling (for personal interviews and focus groups). With the appropriate resources and support behind you, the marketing research project will deliver insightful information to inform your business decisions.
Think about which ratios would be affected by changes in these two accounts. If an external team brings you data, send over your questions, objectives, and expectations. Conducting Marketing Research and Forecasting Demand, Consumer-Industrial and Government Markets, Executing Strategy Through Organizational Design. How should responses be collected? \text{EPS} & \text{\$ 0.80} & \text{\$ 4.17}\\ Copyright, Trademark and Patent Information. $$ If a 1-year Treasury bond yield is 5% and a 2-year Treasury bond yields 7%, what is the 1-year interest rate that is expected for Year 2? Number or letter codes are assigned to represent each response to each question in the questionnaire. Formulating the research design involves the following steps:[1]. Which of the following is advantage of strong brands? The goal is to arrive at the insights you were looking for at the outset. $$
The data analysis portion can be tricky. Next, you break down this overarching goal into smaller, definite objectives. Which unit would you recommend? If the goal of marketing research is to shed light on the real nature of a problem and to suggest possible new ideas, the research is said to be, Selecting which segments of a population of customers to serve is called. So, without further ado, lets get into the 5 steps in the marketing research process. Send personalized texts and Identify an economic circumstance that can greatly affect any product or brand choice. It provides the necessary intelligence for the stakeholders to make informed business decisions. \text{ } & \text{2016} & \text{2015}\\ Coordinating marketing efforts around the brand story that resonates best with customers, thus reducing duplicated effort and saving money. \end{matrix} \text{Interest} & \text{67.000} & \text{43.000}\\ This is the heart of the research project, so its important this step proceed smoothly. At this stage, it looks very much like a grievance but nothing more. A retail system in which a few retailers supply most of the market. This tool enables sharing of the results, conclusions, and recommendations arising from the analysis. Some data may require the support of other data files before making sense. Identify those problems that can be overcome with a marketing research approach. But you can also choose to conduct your primary research in person. You add other factors to the problem that show you how your situation compares against the set standards. If you dont get an answer to the next question, you dont have all the required data. b. Assess Corrigans asset management position, and determine how it compares with peers and how its asset management efficiency has changed over time. From this analysis, how does Corrigans financial position compare with the industry average numbers? Similarities of needs of potential buyers, Executives, manufacturing employees and salespeople are all examples of, ______ occurs when a company introduces additional items in a given product category under the same brand name such as flavors, forms, colors, or package sizes. To collect the data the owner stood outside the shop and stopped the first 25 people who walked by. Which of the following is a consumer demographic variable which can be use to segment people? Any product launch, feature update, or promotional activities demand that you know your target audience, their mood, and their pushbuttons well. The Corrigan Corporations 2015 and 2016 financial statements follow, along with some industry average ratios. Secondary data is an economical and quick source of background information. Once done, they had to answer a questionnaire about the importance of food habits and personal health, emotional appeal, familiarity with the product, and more. Once the problem has been precisely defined, the research can be designed and conducted properly. \text{Per-Share Data}\\ Additionally, they also got insights on information that needed to be better highlighted on the packaging to support their consumers interests. Are they more likely to purchase if you compare competitors? Many or all of the products here are from our partners that pay us a commission. Taking the above example, your defined problem will convert to how can I increase sales? a. People and teams across an organization, from the CEO to the group responsible for a companys products, can benefit from marketing research. With a particular leaning towards research, I also explore trends and outcomes of past campaigns on CallHub. What is the idea of the Price value proposition? This issue is especially keen for marketers who do business in? Internal (e.g., strategy or growth issues). \text{Common stock} & \text{575.00} & \text{575.000}\\ \text{Cash dividends} & \text{\$ 1.10} & \text{\$ 0.95}\\ What kinds of questions should be asked of participants?
Robert Izquierdo is a software expert writing for The Ascent and The Motley Fool. The food manufacturer experimented with the combination and labeling of ingredients and wanted to put out a controlled number of products to see how people reacted to them. For these reasons, interviews with experts are more useful in conducting marketing research for industrial firms and for products of a technical nature, where it is relatively easy to identify and approach the experts. At this stage, you have a broad umbrella problem. This includes formulating an objective or theoretical framework, constructing analytical models, generating research questions, hypotheses, and identifying characteristics or factors that can influence the research design. Required fields are marked *. She seems to be having problems with ________ which is often the hardest step to take, Defining the problem and research objectives, Whether at the corporate, business unit or functional level, the planning process always begin with an in-depth, To locate the brand in a distinct way in the minds of consumers to maximize the potential benefit of the firm, When creating a corporate vision statement, organizations are attempting to answer which of the following questions. Data collection to organizing is divided into three steps: Collecting data involves ensuring you have the right set of data and all required data. In addition, an oral presentation should be made to management using tables, figures, and graphs to enhance clarity and impact.[2]. This involves adding charts, diagrams, and graphs. Surveys and forms with market research tools. In the four Ps of the marketing mix, design, packaging, services, and variety all fall under the category of ________. \text{Total assets turnover} & \text{2.6 }{\times}\\ Download or print it for future reference. Determining a roadmap for future enhancements to an existing product or service. The data from the questionnaires are transcribed or key-punched on to magnetic tapes, or disks or inputted directly into the computer. These tools will help you with survey creation and distribution, social listening, and more. b. All rights reserved. Interviews of those affected by the business problem, Experiments using control and test groups, Direct observation through ethnographic research. The marketing research process concludes with the research report.
But, it is very difficult to point out tools that cater to your exact field and use case. These suggestions can help. \text{Total liabilities and equity} & \text{\$ 1.836.000} & \text{\$ 1.667.000}\\ At this stage, you only tag or identify data files as Valid (required and complete) and Invalid (not required or incomplete). It is also necessary to design a questionnaire and a sampling plan to select respondents for the study. At this stage, you convert your problem into a research question that will define your next course of action. Which customer segments should be involved: all of them or specific types of customers? You can know more about how to conduct a text survey here: Send Text Surveys To Contacts Heres How. \text{Accrued liabilities} & \text{45.010} & \text{40.880}\\ The issue on how the data should be obtained from the respondents must be addressed. House of brands strategy (Multi branding), ________ is a strategy of using a successful brand name to launch a new or modified product in a new category, When actual performance results are better than what the plan called for, managers should, Adjust the performance objectives in the next planning cycle, There are many perfumes on the market, but only one that breaks down fragrances into elements so people can wear the particular scents with which they have emotional ties------, Two of your friends differ with regards to their understanding of market segmentation---, Agree with friend A---- differentiated marketing allows a company to tailor make products to different segments unique needs, This type of research technique is almost invariable conducted face to face. \begin{matrix} A ______ is a name, term, sign, symbol or design or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors. Discover Financial Services is an advertising partner of The Ascent, a Motley Fool company. Based on the previous observations and conclusions, you also add definite and actionable steps to resolve your problems (where you started this marketing research process). Once the methodology is selected, the details must be ironed out. \text{Return on invested capital} & \text{14.5\\%}\\ Everything you need to get the most from CallHub tools. For example, say your question is How likely are you to click on a branded link shared via SMS (rate from 1-5). \text{Total current assets} & \text{\$ 1.405.000} & \text{\$ 1.206.000}\\ Various methodologies exist to perform marketing research. These objectives arose because people have become highly self and health-conscious and keep a close eye on what they are consuming. To ensure the research delivers the necessary results to solve the business problem, a number of decisions must be made. This method is also helpful in situations where little information is available from other sources, as in the case of radically new products. Primary data is sourced by the researcher for the specific purpose of addressing the research problem. \text{Earnings before taxes (EBT)} & \text{\$30.680} & \text{\$ 159.950}\\ Social media (through posts, DMs to followers/customers, and stories for short polls). External (e.g., market demand or pull for your product, feature, or promotional activities). \text{Total current liabilities} & \text{\$ 602.000} & \text{\$ 571.500}\\ Copyright 2018 - 2022 The Ascent. Connect with the tools you use every day. Is it your customers, internal staff, or both? \text{EBIT} & \text{\$ 97.680} & \text{\$ 202.950}\\ For instance, if your graphs show that 50% of people prefer communicating via texts, 35% via emails, and 15% on calls, your textual observations should also include how these trends are clashing or flowing with your current strategy. KimsWACC is 7%.
$$ It doesnt really convey anything about past records, expectations, or other comparisons. Information, industry experts, and secondary data may not be sufficient to define the research problem. In ________ marketing, the firm ignores segment differences and goes after the whole market with one offer. Organizing data will help you see broad patterns and get ready for analyzing and arranging it. \text{Inventories} & \text{894.000} & \text{813.000}\\ \text{Return on equity} & \text{18.2\\%}\\ We do not have access to information about how they sorted, arranged, or analyzed data. Youre looking for clear trends or conclusions that speak to how you can solve the problem you defined at the start of the process. The marketing research process, like any other project, requires planning. From there, present your recommendations to address those problems based on the research outcome. 1.
\text{Market price (average)} & \text{\$ 12.34} & \text{\$ 23.57}\\ \text{Fixed assets turnover} & \text{13.0 }{\times}\\ Then: This one issue will drive your entire marketing research process. The marketing research process is a six-step process involving the definition of the problem being studied upon, determining what approach to take, formulation of research design, field work entailed, data preparation and analysis, and the generation of reports, how to present these reports, and overall, how the task can be accomplished. Can get you responses quickly and cost effectively. The different methods of market research are: Your choice of research method will depend heavily on what research questions you are targeting.